案件名称包含“档案”的裁判文书数据呈现与思考

时间:2022-03-20 09:42:22 公文范文 来源:网友投稿

  摘 要:2006-2018年,中国裁判文书网公布的案件名称包含“档案”的裁判文书956篇,年均92件,整体呈递增趋势。案由以民事为主,行政、刑事为辅。案件多数集中在基层,各层级法院裁判文书数量与法院层级高低成负相关关系。不同审判程序产生的裁判文书数量与案件审理次数成负相关关系,以一二审为主。裁判文书类型以裁定书为主,判决书为辅,内容主要与公民和法人及其财产、合同协议、权利、权益、行为相关。数据表明,司法实践中涉及档案的案件数量较大,档案司法研究已是档案学界与档案业界需要共同面对的现实课题。档案学界应当着力于“档案司法”概念化,关注档案司法实践,将民事档案司法活动纳入“档案司法”研究的范围。档案业界应当强化全面依法、依规、依程序履职,加强全员依法行政行事教育
  关键词:档案司法;裁判文书;定量分析
  Abstract: In 2006-2018, there are 956 cases of refereeing documents containing the name of "archives" published by the"Chinese Judgment Document Network", with an average of 92 cases per year, showing an increasing overall trend. The case types are mainly civil cases and supplemented by criminal cases and administrative cases. Most of the cases are concentrated at the grassroots level, and the number of court judgments at each level is negatively correlated with the court level. The number of judgment documents produced by different trials procedures is negatively correlated with the number of trials, and the first and second trials are the main ones. The types of judgment documents are mainly based on the ruling, and the judgment is supplemented. The content is mainly related to citizens, legal persons and their property, contractual agreements, rights, rights and interests, behaviors. The data shows that the number of cases involving archives in judicial practice is large, and archival judicial research has become a realistic issue that the archival academic community and archival industries need to face together. The archives academic community should focus on the conceptualization of "archive justice", pay attention to the judicial practice of archives, and incorporate the civil judicial activities of archives into the scope of "archive justice" research. The archives industry should strengthen its performing duties in accordance with law, regulations, procedures, and strengthen the education of all members in conducting administrative activities according to law.
  Keywords: Archive justice; Judicial judgment documents; Quantitative analysis
  1 引言
  自1988年《中华人民共和国档案法》(以下简称《档案法》)实施以来,与“档案”相关的司法实践一直没有中断过,但只能从期刊报道中获得少量案例。2013年,最高人民法院设立的“中国裁判文书网”开通,为我们获取各级人民法院生效的裁判文书提供了便利条件。“中国裁判文书网”公布的司法裁判文书全文中含有“档案”一词的案件始见于1997年,截至2018年9月19日共计675005篇。而案件名称包含“档案”一词的案件最早出现于2006年,截至2018年10月28日共计956篇。这就为开展与“档案”相关的司法实践调查分析与定量研究提供了数据来源。
  我们认为,运用数据分析的方法,对我国与“档案”相关的司法实践进行定量研究,从宏观上了解和掌握“档案”司法实践的总体现状、特点与趋势,不仅能为档案行政管理机关提高依法行政工作水平和档案馆提升社会服务能力提供参考,更有助于檔案法学研究内容的拓展。
  2 数据来源、检索说明与研究指标

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